פרופ' שמעון אפרת

אמריטוס בגנטיקה מולקולרית של אדם וביוכימיה
גנטיקה מולקולרית של אדם וביוכימיה אמריטוס
פרופ' שמעון אפרת
טלפון פנימי: 03-6407701
טלפון נוסף: 03-6407986
פקס: 03-6409950
משרד: רפואה-סאקלר, 1007

נושאי מחקר

מעבדתי מתמקדת במנגנוני הבקרה של התרבות והתמינות של תאי בטא מייצרי אינסולין באיי הלבלב. תאים אלה נהרסים או אינם מתפקדים באופן תקין בסוכרת. ריפוי המחלה ע"י החלפת התאים הפגועים בתאים תקינים בהשתלה מוגבל ע"י מחסור בתורמי לבלב. מטרת המחקר שלנו היא פיתוח מקורות אלטרנטיביים לתאים מייצרי אינסולין. שתי הגישות העיקריות הן ריבוי והתמינות של תאי ביטא מתורמי לבלב בתרבית, והתמיינות של תאי גזע אנושיים לתאים מייצרי אינסולין. 

 

 

קורות חיים

 

EDUCATION

1985 -  Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, Ph.D., Molecular Biology

                         

POST-GRADUATE TRAINING

1985 - 1988 -  Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York    

                                                       

PROFESSIONAL APPOINTMENTS

1989 - 1993 -  Assistant Professor, Dept. of Molecular Pharmacology                                          

Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York

Member, Cancer Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine 

 

1989 - 1999 -  Member, Diabetes Research and Training Center,  Albert Einstein College of Medicine                                               

 

1993 - 1998 -  Associate Professor, Dept. of  Molecular Pharmacology,  Albert Einstein College of Medicine                                      

 

1995 - 1997 -  Visiting Associate Professor, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University                                

 

1997 - 2007 -  Associate Professor, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University                                                 

 

1989 - 1999 -  Professor, Dept. of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine                                                   

 

1999 - Psesent - Visiting  Professor, Dept. of Molecular Pharmacology,  Albert Einstein College of Medicine                                        

 

2007 - Present - Professor, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University    

                            

2008 - Present - Incumbent, The Nancy Gluck Regan Chair in Juvenile Diabetes                             

 

Research

Cell Replacement Therapy for Diabetes

Our research focuses on the development of a cell replacement therapy for diabetes, in which the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells are destroyed or malfunction. Our approaches for generation of an abundant source of cells for transplantation include expansion and differentiation in tissue culture of beta cells from human organ donors, as well as differentiation of human stem cells into insulin-producing cells.


 

פרסומים

Original research
 
Bar-Nur O, Russ HA, Efrat S, Benvenisty N (2011) Epigenetic memory and preferential lineage-specific differentiation in induced pluripotent stem cells derived from human pancreatic islet beta cells. Cell Stem Cell 9:17-23. 
 
Russ HA, Sintov E, Anker-Kitai L, Friedman O, Lenz A, Toren G, Farhy C, Pasmanik-Chor M, Oron-Karni V, Ravassard P, Efrat S (2011) Insulin-producing cells generated from dedifferentiated human pancreatic beta cells expanded in vitro.  PLoS One 6: e25566. 
 
Bar Y, Russ HA, Anker-Kitai L, Knoller S, Efrat S (2012) Redifferentiation of expanded human pancreatic beta-cell-derived cells by inhibition of the NOTCH pathway. J Biol Chem 287:17269-17280. 
 
Hansen JB, Tonnesen MF, Madsen AN, Hagedorn PH, Friberg J, Grunnet LG, Heller RS, Nielsen AØ, Størling J, Baeyens L, Anker-Kitai L, Qvortrup K, Bouwens L, Efrat S, Aalund M, Andrews NC, Billestrup N, Karlsen AE, Holst B, Pociot F, Mandrup-Poulsen T (2012) Divalent metal transporter 1 regulates iron-mediated ROS and pancreatic beta-cell fate in response to cytokines. Cell Metab 16:449-461. 
 
Lenz A, Toren-Haritan G, Efrat S (2014) Redifferentiation of adult human β cells expanded in vitro by inhibition of the WNT pathway. PLoS One 9:e112914. 
 
Nathan G, Kredo-Russo S, Geiger T, Lenz A, Kaspi H, Hornstein E, Efrat S (2015) miR-375 promotes redifferentiation of adult human β cells expanded in vitro. PLoS One 10: e0122108. 
 
Sintov E, Nathan G, Knoller S, Pasmanik-Chor M, Russ HA, Efrat S (2015) Inhibition of ZEB1 expression induces redifferentiation of adult human β cells expanded in vitro. Sci Rep 5:13024. 
 
Toren-Haritan G, Efrat S (2015) TGFβ pathway inhibition redifferentiates human pancreatic islet β cells expanded in vitro. PLoS One 10: e0139168. 
 
Friedman-Mazursky O, Elkon R, Efrat S (2016) Redifferentiation of human islet β cells expanded in vitro by inhibition of ARX. Sci Rep 6:20698. 
 
Thurner M, Shenhav L, Wesolowska-Andersen A, Bennett AJ, Barrett A, Gloyn AL, McCarthy MI, Beer NL, Efrat S (2017) Genes associated with pancreas development and function maintain open chromatin structure in iPSCs generated from human pancreatic beta cells. Stem Cell Rep 9:1395–1405. 
 
Reviews
 
Russ HA, Efrat S (2011) In-vivo functional assessment of engineered human insulin-producing cells. In Cell Transplantation, Soto-Gutierrez A, Navarro-Alvarez N, Fox IJ (eds.), Methods in Bioengineering, Yarmush ML, Langer RS (eds.), Artech House, pp. 35-46.
 
Russ HA, Efrat S (2011) Development of human insulin-producing cells for cell therapy of diabetes. Ped Endocrinol Rev 9:590-597.
 
Efrat S, Russ HA (2012) Making beta cells from adult tissues. Trends Endocrinol Metab 23:278-285. 
 
Efrat S (2013) Recent progress in generation of human surrogate beta cells. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diab Obes 20:259-264.
 
Bar Y, Efrat S (2014) The Notch pathway in beta-cell growth and differentiation. In The Pancreatic Beta Cell, Litwack G (ed.), Vitamins and Hormones vol. 95, Academic Press/Elsevier, pp. 391-405.
 
Efrat S (2016) Mechanisms of adult human β-cell in-vitro dedifferentiation and redifferentiation. Diabetes Obes Metab 18 (Suppl. 1): 97–101.
 
Efrat S (2019) Beta-cell dedifferentiation in type 2 diabetes. Stem Cells 37:1267-1272.
 
 
Grants
 
2011-2014 Insulin-producing cells from iPS cells derived from human beta cells. Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International 
 
2011-2014 Beta-cell replacement by human islet beta cells expanded in vitro. Israel Science Foundation 
 
2012-2018 Stem cells for biological assays of novel drugs and predictive toxicology. Innovative Medicines Initiative
 
2013-2015 Redifferentiation of expanded human beta-cell-derived cells for cell therapy of diabetes. Israel Ministry of Industry, Trade, and Labor Kamin Program 
 
2013-2016 Generation of human insulin-producing cells by redifferentiation of cells expanded from pancreatic islet beta cells through inhibition of the NOTCH pathway. Israel Science Foundation 
 
2015-2017 Graft survival and function of hESC-derived islet-like cells. Kadimastem Ltd.
 
 
2015-2018 Generation of human insulin-producing cells for cell replacement therapy of diabetes. Rosetrees Trust 
 
2017-2018 Transdifferentiation of MSCs into insulin-producing cells. Association for Advancement of Novel Therapies for Malignancies and Transplantation
 
2020 Development of diabetes cell replacement therapy. Grodman Cure Foundation 
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